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        <blockquote>
<p>苏生不惑第 97 篇原创文章</p>
</blockquote>
<p>身份证应该是我们最常使用的物品了，有没有想过18位的身份证号码怎么生成的，每个数字又有什么意义呢？</p>
<blockquote>
<p>从中华人民共和国建国起到1984年，中华人民共和国公民并没有身份证件，证明身份需用户口簿、介绍信等。<br>1984年4月6日，中华人民共和国国务院发布《中华人民共和国居民身份证试行条例》，公安部的工作人员开始进行有关技术和具体实施方法的研究，在自行研制并且借鉴外国之后，第一代居民身份证的形式被确定为聚酯膜塑封的单页卡片。1984年至1991年，北京、上海、天津等大城市开始进行试行身份证制度。生活在北京的中国歌剧舞剧院女高音歌唱演员单秀荣成为中华人民共和国第一个领到第一代身份证的中国居民</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-052a5504c3d92811.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br>以上来自维基百科 <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81</a></p>
<p>需要注意的是印有国徽和有效期限的这一面才是正面！</p>
<p><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-9381d745f3a312a3.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<h3 id="身份证号码组成"><a href="#身份证号码组成" class="headerlink" title="身份证号码组成"></a>身份证号码组成</h3><p>身份号码由17位数字本体码和1位校验码组成，校验码的作用是为了防止在填写身份证号码时出错而设计的。</p>
<p>前6位为所在地区（市、镇、区）的行政区划代码，接着后面8位是年月日生日 ，顺序码 3位，防止同一个地方同一天出生的人重号，第17位奇数代表男偶数代表女。<br>校验码1位（0-9和 x），用来校验身份证号码正确，通过前17位计算模11得出来的，就是0-10 这11个数字,其中10用x表示。</p>
<p>用一张图片看清晰点。<br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-2e90be88fcb5693a.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>身份证校验码计算方法如下：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>将身份证号码前17位数分别乘以不同的系数，从第一位到第十七位的系数分别为：7－9－10－5－8－4－2－1－6－3－7－9－10－5－8－4－2。<br>将这17位数字和系数相乘的结果相加。<br>用加出来和除以11，取余数。<br>余数只可能有0－1－2－3－4－5－6－7－8－9－10这11个数字。其分别对应的最后一位身份证的号码为1－0－X －9－8－7－6－5－4－3－2。如果余数是2，身份证的最后一位号码就是罗马数字x。如果余数是10， 最后一位就是2。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-0c61de9d6a2a0c1f.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-2f5df450107fb7d3.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>推荐看看李永乐老师的视频 <code>史上最靓身份证号220202202002020022即将诞生！</code> <a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/av86690236" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.bilibili.com/video/av86690236</a></p>
<p><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-0c3fb32718ffe5b8.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-ea4bacd0cbbfd765.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br>220202202002020022 前17位根据上面算法加起来为98，对11取余为10，对应末尾数字就是2，所以这个号码是正确的。</p>
<p>2月2号吉林昌邑区第一个出生的女孩到派出所注册，这个自带靓号的身份证就是她的了,百年不遇的一个号码！<br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-bf79ac6eaca15633.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br>如果错过了220202202002020022这个靓号，没关系，还有下面这些：<br><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">220220202002200202</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">220220202002222022</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">220222202002200002</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">220222202002220222</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">222202202002022222</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">222202202002220202</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">222222202002020222</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">222222202002202202</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>还有回形针也出过对应的视频  <code>如何成为一个有身份的人</code><a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/av79769795" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.bilibili.com/video/av79769795</a><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-39cf2ab6a0b31ae2.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<p><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-a02e4f922b9341be.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-cb969a408c1b420a.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-ebe448c5fa10aad4.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-65ad1eb48b5fe526.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-bff189a07166d897.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-a57e4cacc502f101.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-919d87d46672873d.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>类似220202202002020022这样的号码如何检验是否正确呢？</p>
<h3 id="校验身份证号"><a href="#校验身份证号" class="headerlink" title="校验身份证号"></a>校验身份证号</h3><p><a href="http://www.ip33.com/shenfenzheng.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.ip33.com/shenfenzheng.html</a> 输入220202202002020022验证正确。<br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-47043dbd1f14dbed.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br>220202202002020021验证错误。<br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-e4fab2183e8106f0.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>用Python代码可以使用id-validator<br><figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> pip install id-validator</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> id_validator <span class="keyword">import</span> validator</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">validator.is_valid('440308199901101512') # 大陆居民身份证 18 位</span><br><span class="line">validator.is_valid('610104620927690')    # 大陆居民身份证 15 位</span><br><span class="line">validator.is_valid('810000199408230021') # 港澳居民居住证 18 位</span><br><span class="line">validator.is_valid('830000199201300022') # 台湾居民居住证 18 位</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>基于上面的生成算法还有相应的生成器</p>
<h3 id="身份证号码生成器"><a href="#身份证号码生成器" class="headerlink" title="身份证号码生成器"></a>身份证号码生成器</h3><p>比如生成一个北京西城区的号码 <a href="http://www.welefen.com/lab/identify/?province=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;city=%E5%B8%82%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA&amp;area=%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%8E%E5%8C%BA&amp;year=2002&amp;month=1&amp;day=1&amp;sex=%E7%94%B7" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.welefen.com/lab/identify/?province=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;city=%E5%B8%82%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA&amp;area=%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%8E%E5%8C%BA&amp;year=2002&amp;month=1&amp;day=1&amp;sex=%E7%94%B7</a><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-ebff4f954adb6848.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>一个身份证只能绑定5个实名微信，没有绑定实名信息的微信发不了红包，转不了账，如何查询自己的身份证绑定过多少微信号？</p>
<h3 id="腾讯客服"><a href="#腾讯客服" class="headerlink" title="腾讯客服"></a>腾讯客服</h3><p>在公众号 腾讯客服 中输入名下账户<br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-4571459d2c31a0d9.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>然后输入 身份证实名了哪些微信 会自动回复“点这里”，点进去之后输入姓名，身份证号，实名认证后，就会有你身份证名下所有的微信号，如果发现有不是自己的微信号，直接清除。  </p>
<p><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-79c3cd9f5fc4e0ba.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br>平时出门在外忘带身份证怎么办呢？</p>
<h3 id="国门公安APP"><a href="#国门公安APP" class="headerlink" title="国门公安APP"></a>国门公安APP</h3><p>国门公安APP 可在线办临时身份证<br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-dcc1fee3f15c5495.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-a3da8473da3cd5a7.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>如果需要复印自己身份证给他人，可以加上水印。</p>
<h3 id="身份证加水印"><a href="#身份证加水印" class="headerlink" title="身份证加水印"></a>身份证加水印</h3><p>这个是纯前端图片加水印，不用担心上传你的个人信息 <a href="http://watermark.dxcweb.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://watermark.dxcweb.com/</a><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-69335d13ec397941.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-450699a8a8551d1c.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
<h3 id="身份证冷知识"><a href="#身份证冷知识" class="headerlink" title="身份证冷知识"></a>身份证冷知识</h3><p>1984年,国务院发布《中华人民共和国居民身份证试行条例》,开始实行居民身份证制度。身份证号码那么多位，每一位代表什么？为什么有人身份证的末尾是X？身份证丢失怎么补办？身份证复印件怎么签注才能保证安全？<br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-24d670fda49481f1.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-af39641b28145bfe.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-43f1bf7f8a0cfc5d.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-1b5bb54bc1812ebc.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-65a56326dc8c092b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-d85cfaf321c6ad95.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br>最后推荐下国家政务服务平台</p>
<h3 id="国家政务服务平台"><a href="#国家政务服务平台" class="headerlink" title="国家政务服务平台"></a>国家政务服务平台</h3><p>国家政务服务平台已上线试运行，统一身份认证、统一证照服务、统一事项服务、统一政务服务投诉建议、统一好差评、统一用户服务，统一搜索服务，打开<a href="http://gjzwfw.www.gov.cn/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://gjzwfw.www.gov.cn/index.html</a> 体验 或者到应用市场搜索“国家政务服务平台”下载APP。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>绑定身份证信息并进行刷脸认证后，可以查询自己的电子社保卡 、部分地区的证照信息（如居民户口簿、机动车行驶证）、部分银行的银行卡信息 、部分保险公司的保险信息 、出入境记录、公积金记录等。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-3592f33f19de9eb9.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-5905647022f6df2b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-5ff0c0a145df5e62.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-f832c9a71f7f3cc6.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"><br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/17817191-c7cf05bb63942d36.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="image.png"></p>
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